December 2010 - download the newsletter - with this link
Cortinovis Machinery, Eurolls, Sictra, Teurema. &
Vitari
Exhibiting at InterWire 2011 Atlanta,GA -
Booth Number 1739
Please plan on visiting us at booth #1739 where we will present the various product offerings of the Eurolls Group. The event is being held from May 2-5, 2011 at the Georgia World Congress Center in Atlanta Georgia.
Cortinovis Machinery Delivers Next Generation of
Tubular Strander for Steel
The new Tubular Strander designed by Cortinovis Machinery has been realized.
This machine, designed specifically for the high carbon steel market incorporates
all the latest technologies required by our customers producing wire rope, steel
conductors for ACSR and high carbon steel armouring. This design includes a
special braking system, automatic bobbin depletion compensation, highly
efficient loading system and a user friendly pre-former and post former.

The Advantages in Cold Rolling with Cassettes,
Compared to Traditional Dies.
Immediate increase in wire production
This is due to a reduction in downtimes or stoppages caused by die changes. Unfortunately due to their limited working life (approximately
40 tons as an average on all the blocks), and related wire pointing/welding processes (in order of 15 to 20 minutes per die per change) using
Eurolls rolling cassettes can result in an increase in the efficiency of the process by 10 to 15% on average.
The Eurolls cold rolling cassette units use tungsten carbide rolls which have a working life, between regrinds, in excess of 2500 ton (small
diameter tungsten carbide rolls) on last block and 5,000 ton on average on the other blocks for low carbon material.
Therefore, the line stoppages normally associated with the die substitution are reduced/eliminated and now become wire production times.
Lower pulling force (or higher line operations speed)
The cold rolling principle requires a lower pulling force because of the different type of friction between the wire and the reduction tool
(sliding-friction with dies and rolling-friction with cassettes). A typical value of sliding-friction is 0.18 and a typical value of rolling-friction is
0.04 for materials such as steel against hard metal. The reduction of pulling force consequent to the use of rolling cassettes is variable from
10 to 15% (depending on the entry material’s mechanical/chemical properties and the surface condition) when compared to the die-drawing
process. This can be translated into either a lower energy consumption when operating at the same speed as with dies or higher achievable
working speed when operating at the same energy consumption (and heat production) as with dies.
Reduction in wire breaks
The forces on the wire developed during the rolling process are lower than those on the drawing process and this quite often results in a reduction
in the number of wire breakages (average reduction of breaks 7 to 10 times). This also will increase the efficiency of the process by an
additional 5% on average.
Reduction of the cost for operating personnel
Due to the higher efficiencies achieved in the considerations made in points (1) and (2) and the savings associated with less die replacement
for wear or wire breaks, a sensible reduction of operating personnel is achievable. One operator can easily attend to more than one drawing
line, so that a saving of 30 to 50% of the personnel cost can be reasonably considered.
Reduction in lubricant consumption
Each die box is a source of lubricant consumption because it is required to lubricate both the dies and the wire (to reduce friction forces on
capstan surface). The cold rolling cassettes do not need lubricant to perform the actual wire reductions. As mentioned above, only the first
block will be fitted with a die-box (rotating) where the consumption of lubricant will represent 30 to 40% of that total used in a wire drawing
line that is equipped with 100% dies. This means that the lubricant consumption figures, and therefore costs, can be reduced by 60 to 70%
with the cold rolling process. A possible additional advantage could also be the smaller quantity of lubricant present on the wire surface.
This reduced quantity of lubricant could be an advantage when successive work cycles require a clean wire surface e.g. less residue formation/
deposit in the washing tanks just before galvanizing process etc.
Less air pollution
This major quantity of lubricant (see point 2 and 4) guarantees a reduction in the work place pollution levels as well and, as a direct consequence, the
dimensions of the required dust exhaust and filtering systems.
Elimination of sophisticated/costly Rod Cleaning Processes and Salt Coating (Lime / Borax)
The tungsten carbide rolls used with the cold rolling cassettes, are insensitive to mill scale, surface imperfections and light surface rust. Simple and less
expensive mechanical descalers can now be successfully used instead of more costly processes such as chemical cleaning (now environmentally unacceptable
and expensive), blasting units (sand or scale) or complex descalers (brushing/belt cleaning with reverse bending etc.) A further salt coating of rod /
wire is no longer needed as the salt function of the lubricant carrier is obviously superfluous.
Use of cold rolling cassette units into either new or existing wire production lines:
The insertion of the cold rolling cassette units into a wire production line (new or existing) does not require any modification to its mechanical or electrical
components other than the simple insertion of a base plate for the cassette support. Therefore, the production line is able to produce the final exit
wire using two methods – cold rolling or drawing. This means that all exit wire can be produced using the most cost efficient production method in
accordance with the required dimensional/surface specification e.g. ovality tolerance, surface finish, lubricant coverage, etc.
The above are just some of the advantages that the Eurolls cold rolling cassette system has introduced to the field of wire production. This independent
on whether the cold rolling cassette units are to be used with an existing or totally new wire production line.
September 2010 - download the newsletter - with this link
Sictra, A Eurolls Group Company, will be represented
in North America by Cortinovis Machinery America
beginning November 2010
Sictra S.r.l., a Eurolls Group Company, which specializes in the manufacture of
Copper and Aluminum Wire Drawing machines, entered into the business in
1972. Sictra developed new solutions, designing and producing new machines
while receiving several European and International patents.
Sictra Products include
Single and Twin Rod Breakdown Lines (Non-Slip and Controlled Slip), Single and
Twin Intermediate Wire Drawing Lines for plain and tinned copper, Multi Wire
Lines for plain and tinned copper, CCA and Alluminum alloy, Drawing lines for
Trolley Wires and a series of Spoolers and Down Coilers.
Our facility in Monterey, Mexico (EUROLLS DE MEXICO) can handle the production of new
TUNGSTEN CARBIDE rollers and can regrind worn rolls that are no longer in tolerance. |
NEW CONCEPT FOR MULTIWIRE WINDING AND UNWINDING
In many industrial applications, the previous or subsequent operation greatly impacts the overall efficiency of the process as a whole. This is
especially true in the wire and cable industry where multi-wire technology is used. In this practice, special considerations must be taken to
match the bunching technology with the processes of wire winding in the drawing line and of the wire unwinding in the bunching lines.
There are two accepted concepts for wire winding: dynamic spooler and static spooler.
Dynamic spooler: This is the conventional system of winding wire (or a bunch of wires), where the bobbin rotates around a horizontal axis
and pulls and winds the wires around the drum of the bobbin known as a horizontal dynamic spooler. The bobbin is supported by a rotating
shaft (cantilever design) or by pintles (shaft-less). In both cases the wires are distributed between the flanges by a traversing system with a small
drive. No twist is given to the wires which are parallel wound. There are two versions of horizontal dynamic spoolers: in manual spoolers,
the empty bobbin loading, the wires stringing onto the bobbin drum, the wires cutting and locking and the full bobbin unloading are performed
by the operator. With Automatic spoolers all the above mentioned operations are achieved by automatic systems and controlled in
sequence by the spooler PLC automation. After winding, the full bobbins are rolled out on their flanges and handled and stored with horizontal
axis, usually lifting them from the central hole with a shaft. The unwinding in the bunching lines is also achieved in two different ways.
For the manufacturing of regular strands (7 or 19 wires) the paying off process requires the separation of the wires distributing them regularly
in the buncher lay plate. This system utilizes a dynamic pay-off stand, which is driven because of the high bobbin weight and holds the reel
on a horizontal cantilever shaft. Bunched random strands are produced utilizing the same pay off stands without the need to separate the
wires prior to the lay plate. An alternative system utilized for bunched construction only (random strands) is the stationary pay off stand with
a flyer arm rotating around the bobbin. In this case the wires cannot be separated in the buncher lay plate as they get a twist with each flyer
turn. This system requires the bobbin be tilted as the axis is vertical. This system cannot match the same bunch quality achievable with the
dynamic pay-off stands.
Static spooler: In those spoolers a large bell, containing the bobbin, rotates around a vertical axis and pulls and winds the wires around the
bobbin drum. The wire distribution between the flanges is achieved by the vertical displacement of the bobbin (lifting and lowering) which
requires a significant amount of energy due to the heavy weight of the bobbin holder, the bobbin, and the wire itself.
The rotating speed of the bell changes as the bobbin is built up, consequently also the centrifugal force of the wires through the entire wire
path changes as well as the correlated wire stretching. All the wire paths require frequent cleaning (copper dust removal) and expensive maintenance.
An additional wire lubricator is needed at the spooler entrance.
The wires get a twist with each bell turn. These spoolers are automatic because the empty bobbin loading, the wires stringing onto the bobbin
drum, the wires cutting and locking and the full bobbin unloading are automatic sequences controlled by the spooler PLC. The bobbins
are handled throughout the machine (conveyors, winding station), laid on their flanges with vertical axis which makes subsequent factory
handling and storing very convenient and easy.
Wire unwinding at bunching is accomplished by stationary pay off stands utilizing a flyer arm rotating around the bobbin axis. Wires can be
separated at the lay plate for concentric regular strands (even if separation is more difficult with a stationary pay off stand than it is with a
dynamic spooler and pay off stands) or kept together for random bunching.
How to combine the advantages of the different techniques?
SICTRA has found the solution. A series of dynamic vertical automatic spoolers has been developed: the BOV 630 and BOV 800.
Sictra— BOV 630 & BOV 800.

The bobbins are laid on their flanges, on their vertical axis, throughout the machine (conveyors, winding station) which makes subsequent factory
handling and storing very convenient and easy like on the static spoolers. The spoolers are automatic: The empty bobbin loading, the wires stringing
onto the bobbin drum, the wires cutting and locking, and the full bobbin unloading are automatic sequences controlled by the spooler PLC.
The variation of the bobbin rotating speed does not cause the wire to stretch which is an inherent problem on the static spoolers. The wires are
distributed between the flanges by a simple traversing system with a small energy efficient drive. No twist is given to the wires which are parallel
wound making it easy to separate the wires in the following operation. The bobbins are easily stored laid down on their flanges in stacks.
The unwinding in the bunching lines is achieved with specifically developed vertical dynamic driven pay off stands. Wire tension is adjusted via
low inertia pneumatic dancers acting on AC motor drives fed by a common DC bus bar. Bobbin loading is easy and quick. No driving pin is
needed since the bobbin is driven by the friction of its own weight. Wire separation at lay plate, when needed, is easy as wires are parallel wound.
Pay off stands are grouped in compacted racks.
The combination of the vertical dynamic spooler and relevant driven pay-off stands summarizes the advantages of static spoolers over dynamic
spoolers.
1. Handling is easy like with static spoolers
2. Automation is as efficient in static spoolers as it is in dynamic automatic spoolers
3. Winding is gentle like with dynamic spoolers
4. Power consumption is reduced like with dynamic spoolers
5. Maintenance is similar to dynamic spoolers, no wire passages need to be maintained on the rotating bell
6. No wire lubrication is needed
7. Wire separation on pay off stands is easy
8. Bobbin handling on pay off stand is easy
Overall dimension of the spooler and conveyors make it possible for them to be installed on lines replacing existing static spoolers
July 2010 - download the newsletter - with this link
Sictra, A Eurolls Group , is a world leader in the supply of trolley wire manufacturing lines
When it comes to market knowledge and technology leadership, Sictra is world renowned
for its experience in the field of non-ferrous wire drawing.
Continuous innovation of products to fulfill specific customer needs, combined with
over 40 years of field experience, enables Sictra to offer practical solutions consistent
with the high quality standards in the non-ferrous wire industry.
In addition to the conventional Rod Breakdown machine for single and dual wire,
Sictra manufactures multi-wire machines, annealers and a variety of dynamic and
static spooler take-ups.
This knowledge and experience has also made Sictra a leading supplier of lines for
manufacturing trolley wire.
Our facility in Monterey, Mexico (EUROLLS DE MEXICO) can handle the production of new
TUNGSTEN CARBIDE rollers and can regrind worn rolls that are no longer in tolerance.
MARKET TREND—Trolley Wire for high-speed train applications is moving to
Cu-Mg Wire
Copper Magnesium is a preferred alloyed-copper for high speed rail applications in many countries, as it
provides good electrical conductivity and high tensile strength and good creep resistance. Additionally
copper magnesium is also an enviromentally benign material with NO toxicity hazard.
From the manufacturing point of view, there is not a big difference in the drawing process, but the main
difficulty of making trolley wire with Copper-Magnesium alloy is to be identified in the production of the
rod for the following reasons:
1. The light and volatile nature of Magnesium
2. Magnesium’s propensity to form slag when molten
3. The need to maintain a very precise alloy composition in the wire rod
Copper-Magnesium trolley wire is now widely used in Western Europe, including on the high-speed TGV
line from Brussels into France, Netherlands, Germany and Spain.
With off-shore drilling dominating the news, Cortinovis delivers large
Planetary Stranders for assembling Subsea Umbilical Cables
A Subsea Umbilical Cable is a cable which supplies required consumables to oil platforms such as the ones
located in the Gulf of Mexico or the North Sea. Subsea Umbilicals are deployed on the ocean floor to supply
necessary control, power, and chemicals to the subsea oil and gas wells.
These armored umbilicals have breaking strengths in excess of 200
tons. They incorporate many different types of constructions and metallic
sheaths and steel or synthetic strength members.
Cortinovis has developed and installed large Planetary Stranders for
assembling the various cable designs required for these applications.
Some constructions include members that require minimum bending
requirements and are required to be abrasion resistant.
This Cortinovis machine can hold 24 main bobbins (3000 mm diameter)
and 20 filler bobbins (1650 mm diameter).
The maximum weight of each main bobbin is 30
tons and the filler bobbins are 3 ton maximum.
The operating speed is 15 RPM with a maximum
linear speed of 45 meters per minute.
This machine can handle an umbilical up to 500
mm in diameter. Other sizes and configurations
are available to meet specific customer and cable
requirements.
June 2010 - download the newsletter - with this link
Cortinovis Re-engineers the Bow Type Laying-up Machines 1+4 Bobbins of 1600 mm Diameter
Cortinovis Machinery, Spa a member of the Eurolls Group, has delivered a newly
designed 1+4 Bobbin Bow Type Laying up machine for assembling insulated cables.
While this machine is not unique, we have done some considerable re-engineering
of this product which has resulted in some significant cost savings without compromising
manufacturing quality or production efficiency.
This cost reduction coupled with the low euro/dollar exchange rate makes it the
opportune time to increase your production capabilities.
Our facility in Monterey, Mexico (EUROLLS DE MEXICO) can handle the production of new
TUNGSTEN CARBIDE rollers and can regrind worn rolls that are no longer in tolerance.
The Eurolls Group, which includes Eurolls SpA, Cortinovis Machinery,
Teurema, Team Meccanica, Vitari, Corbellini, and Sictra has better than
expected results from Wire & Tube 2010 Show Dusseldorf, Germany.

Mr. Andrea Camparada,
Managing Director
Cortinovis Machinery
SpA & Sictra SrL
“We were very pleased with the turnout at the 2010 Dusseldorf Wire Show. I have personally attended all
shows since the mid 1980’s, and in my opinion, this show far exceeded those in the past. Not only did we
witness an increase in participation compared to years past, but customers came prepared to discuss and
close actual projects and visitors, who have not attended since the 2008 crisis, were eager to reengage and
discuss potential business. The Eurolls Group focuses on technical specialization which takes advantage
of the core competencies of each company in the group. We are made up of several dedicated companies
(Eurolls, Cortinovis Machinery, Sictra, Team Meccanica, Teurema, and Vitari). I am responsible for both
Sictra and Cortinovis Machinery which services the wire and cable manufacturers respectively with
Drawing and Stranding equipment. The increasing need for larger, more flexible conductors, such as those
utilized in the production of wind energy cables, is driving the industry towards drawing lines with higher
capacity in terms of size and number of wires. This has also increased the demand for larger multi-wire
annealers to handle this requirement.”
April 2010 - download the newsletter - with this link
Cortinovis Machinery, Spa a member of the Eurolls Group, has totally redesigned its wide range of Double Twist machines. These new machines utilize a single bow made of carbon fiber which is shaped to have low aerodynamic resistance and therefore consumes less horsepower. The machines, which range in size from 630 mm to 2000 mm, can be used for a wide range of products. The 630mm, 800 mm, and 1000 mm machines are typically used for bunching and stranding of aluminium and copper conductors at very high speed, and proven efficiency and reliability. These machines can be combined with a series of driven or non-driven payoffs for processing multi-wires, bunches, or single wires. The larger 1250mm, 1600mm, and 2000mm machines are used for stranding flexible, rigid compacted, and rigid non-compacted copper, aluminium, and aluminium alloys. These machines are also suited for laying up of insulated conductors.

The Eurolls Group, which includes Eurolls SpA, Cortinovis Machinery, Teurema, Team Meccanica, Vitari, and Sictra will be present at the next Wire & Tube 2010 Show (12th to 16th April - Dusseldorf, Germany) in Stand 11D40 (Wire Sector) and Stand 5E09 (Tube Sector).
The Eurolls Group will be exhibiting at Wire Dusseldorf this year from April 12-16 in Hall 11. The companies that will be exhibiting will be Eurolls S.p.A, Cortinovis Machinery, Sictra Srl, Teurema S. L., and Vitari. Eurolls makes rolling equipment/accessories for the tube/wire sector, specializing in Rolling Cassettes for special shapes, smooth and reinforced wire, and Tungsten Carbide Rolls for cold and hot rolling. Cortinovis Machinery’s area of expertise is in the manufacturing of rotating machinery for the production of steel ropes, power cables and telecommunication cables. Their product line includes, Standing equipment, Lay-up, Bunching, Armoring and Screening machines. Sictra Srl, has a long tradition and a wide range of knowledge in the manufacturing of wire drawing equipment for copper and aluminum. They produce Twin/single tandem rod breakdown machines, Twin and single intermediate and fine wire drawing lines along with custom designed equipment built to their clients specifications. Teurema designs and manufactures wire drawing/rolling equipment for the steel industry.
Teurema S. L. EVM Automatic Spooler
The Teurema automatic spooler EVM was created for the production of precision laid wire coils with spools which can have a capacity of up to 5 tons. This double automatic spooler is composed of two spool working stations which are the wire collection station and the wire strapping/unloading/loading station. It comes complete with all of the necessary devices to ensure automatic handling of the wire, the cutting and subsequent threading of the wire, and the securing of the wire tail, too. All these operations improve line efficiency especially when operating with large diameter wires. The combination of all of these factors guarantees a drastic reduction in down times which are normally present during the spool changeover cycle. All parameters required for the formation of the pattern laid coil, as well as production information, are set on the spooler control pulpit.
Vitari Develops a Seven (7) Die Eight (8) Operation Machine
for Cold Heading Complex Parts.
This machine is the result of multiple inquiries from our customers, specifically in the automotive industry as an extra die would enable the manufacturer to handle more complex parts otherwise not able to be manufactured with conventional cold headers. In addition to being able to manufacture more complex parts the accuracy too would be a plus with such a machine. Features of this machine include:
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Smooth transfer cam movement permits accurate positioning of the part avoiding vibration and possible die miss-feeds
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Precision machining of the bronze-aluminum guides permit greater precision of the finished part
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Finger clamping system allows for widest range of head diameters available in the industry
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Greater forging pressure compared to other competitive systems
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Greater flexibility allowing the machine to produce very demanding parts
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Designed for ease of maintenance
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Length under the head is determined by the trimming cam profile and is theoretically unlimited
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Pneumatic trimming expulsion through the punch can be effected in the last two operations
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Direct slow-motion motor allows for very accurate transfer settings
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On hand forging pressure data relating to production speed and the distance between punch and die enables fine tool optimization.
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Machines are fitted with house-hold name parts readily available on the market.
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Continuous high pressure two zone lubrication system (60-80 bar) guaranteeing precise movement of machine sequences
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Part shearing is direct, using a shear and cam system with no intermediary parts.
September 2009 - download the newsletter - with this link
Cortinovis Machinery SpA has developed an apparatus for assembling compacted helically stranded unilay and cross-lay conductors for manufacturing compacted and trapezoidal conductors. The pre-shaped individual segments are manufactured during the wire drawing process. These segments are then wound onto bobbins and placed into a Rigid Cage Strander. The apparatus is located at the exit of each cage of the Rigid Strander where the segments are oriented and assembled to produce a circular, highly compacted cross section, eliminating virtually all the interstices between the wires.
Each individual wire is rolled to produce a trapezoidal profile wire starting from round having the correct cross section generated in the wire drawing operation. A Eurolls motorized cold rolling head is introduced between the exit of the wire drawing machine and the entrance to the spooler. This dancer controlled driven cassette rolls the round wire into the desired shape while pulling the wire without adding any additional pulling tension in the spooler. This unit can be added to the existing wire drawing operation without any changes required to the wire drawing machine or recalculation of the reduction dies in the wire drawing process.
Eurolls Report On Advantages of Cold Rolling
*Immediate Increase in Wire Production — The increase in production is due to a decrease in down time or stoppages in the wire drawing process by using tungsten carbide rolls versus traditional draw dies because of fewer wire breaks.
*Lower Pulling Force or Higher Line Operating Speed — The cold rolling requires a lower pulling force and therefore less horsepower due to the decrease in rolling friction between the wire and reduction rolls compared to sliding friction in conventional wire drawing.
*Reduction in Wire Breaks — The pulling force developed during the rolling process is lower than in the drawing process for a given cross section of wire. This decrease in force results in a decrease in the number of wire breaks. This will increase the overall efficiency of the process by an average of five percent.
*Reduction in Cost for Operating Personnel — Since there will be less down time, an increase in roll life, and less wire breaks, there will be a reduction in the manpower requirements.
Please contact our Sales Personnel at Cortinovis Machinery America for the complete report on cold rolling with Eurolls Rolling Cassettes.
June 2009 - download the newsletter - with this link
Cortinovis Machinery America, Inc. has launched it's latest newletter highlighting the intruduction of Corbellini products to North America, a new chain line by Vitari, direct synchro lines from Team Mechanica and redesigned Cortinovis Double Twist Stranders.
Eurolls SpA Steel Fiber Machines For Concrete
EUROLLS has a newly designed and innovative Steel Fiber Machine for producing crack resistant concrete. This machine guarantees a high and continuous production of steel fiber and, with the appropriate tools, can be preset for the production of any type, shape and dimension.
The advantage of using the EUROLLS Steel Fiber Machine, is its simplicity of operation which yields high performance and production. Another advantage with using this machine, is that the tolerance range of the inlet material is not crucial, therefore allowing you to utilize wire rejected from other processes into the final product with quality results and high market value.
Vitari SpA Introduces A New High Tensile Bending Welding Calibrating Chain Line
Vitari SpA has introduced a series of high tensile bending/welding machines to make resistance welded chains used in Naval, agricultural, and automotive applications. These machines are equipped with fully automatic welding, deburring and chain feeding devices. The welding operation is executed by means of four trapezoidal copper electrodes that receive current from a single phase transformer. The deburring operation is conducted with two tools that intervene longitudinally on the hot chain. A special device subsequently intervenes to ensure a high quality burr-free welded chain link. The tools located on the ends of the chain link have two distinct functions; first they shift quickly toward the chain ends and secondly a piston enables pressing of the chain link ends whilst welding is in progress.
Team Meccanica Introduces New Direct Synchro Drive Wire Drawing Machine
Team Meccanica has developed a Direct Synchro Drive DSD 610/8 Wire Drawer. This model is a ground-breaking Plug & Play Sychro Drive 610mm Drawing machine with 8 blocks, and is equipped with a pre-wired, mounted electrical cabinet which eliminates field wiring and commissioning. There are 45KW Synchronous Motors directly connected to the capstans which are cooled by a closed loop liquid glycol circuit. There are NO gearboxes, NO belts, NO transmission and NO need for lubrication oil.
Teurema S. L. EVM Automatic Spooler
The Teurema automatic spooler EVM was created for the production of precision laid wire coils with spools which can have a capacity of up to 5 tons. This double automatic spooler is composed of two spool working stations which are the wire collection station and the wire strapping/unloading/loading station. It comes complete with all of the necessary devices to ensure automatic handling of the wire, the cutting and subsequent threading of the wire, and the securing of the wire tail, too. All these operations improve line efficiency especially when operating with large diameter wires. The combination of all of these factors guarantees a drastic reduction in down times which are normally present during the spool changeover cycle. All parameters required for the formation of the pattern laid coil, as well as production information, are set on the spooler control pulpit.
Cortinovis Redesigns Double Twist Stranders For The Steel Industry
Cortinovis Machinery recently redesigned their new Double Twist Strander, which has been specifically produced for the manufacturing of high quality steel strands. The range of this machine allows the user to produce, utilizing the double twist process, strands from seven (7) up to thirty-seven (37) wires, with a diameter range from 0.1mm up to 2.6mm.
The Cortinovis Machinery Double Twist Strander can be provided with multiple pay off designs, with the flexibility to adapt to the specific requirements of the bobbins’ diameter and the number of bobbins. The strand is formed by two pre-twisters, with separate motors and deviation pulleys, before the product enters into the double twist machine. |